Business owners in Mercato were reeling from a crackdown on tax compliance that has disrupted the heart of the capital's commerce. Tax authorities have intensified efforts to enforce receipt issuance and tax payments, leading to widespread protests among traders who argue that the move exacerbates an already fragile business climate. Many shops remained closed last week in defiance, while some retailers have discreetly moved their goods under the cover of night to avoid potential confrontations. Over 10 out of 34 commercial buildings had completely closed shops for two days. A 38-year-old retailer, sitting uneasily outside his modest shop in the "Military Tera" area, voiced deep uncertainty about the future. His inventory remained untouched as he hesitated to engage in any sales, describing his interactions with local tax authorities who have threatened hefty fines and legal action for not issuing receipts, even for goods acquired years ago.

Retailers argue that the root of non-compliance lies upstream, with wholesalers and importers often failing to issue receipts. Some manufacturers support the enforcement, citing unfair competition from businesses that bypass regulations, while others feel burdened by what they perceive as a punitive tax environment. Economists advocate for a more inclusive and transparent tax regime, urging authorities to address evasion at the source. Ethiopia's tax-to-GDP ratio has plummeted from 13.2pc to less than seven percent over the past decade, pressing tax authorities for reforms. The federal government aspires to boost domestic revenues to 1.5 trillion Br this fiscal year, with a target tax-to-GDP ratio of 10.2pc by 2028. Authorities are introducing QR-coded VAT receipts to combat tax evasion. Tax experts say that effective administration requires consistent enforcement and disciplined oversight, while tax specialists warn inconsistent enforcement only nurtures evasion and unfair competition.