
Fortune News | Dec 27,2018
Aug 27 , 2022
By Austine Sequeira , Andrea Sequeira
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has released its 2022 World Economic Outlook report. Predictably, it speaks volumes of gloom on the growth front. Major world economies already suffering from the effects of COVID-19 led by high energy and food prices, supply-demand imbalances and rising inflation went into contractionary monetary policies. These policies are now driving global growth downwards. All this happened when the world was waiting for V-shaped recoveries in advanced economies. A classic case of the cure being worse than the disease!
The United States, China, and Europe are the major laggards pulling down the world baseline growth forecast from 6.1pc in 2021 to 3.2pc in 2022 and 2.9pc in 2023. The United States growth forecast is down to one percent due to the reduced household purchasing power and tighter monetary policy, while in China, further lockdowns and the deepening real estate crisis have led to a downward revision of the growth forecast to 4.6pc. Europe is suffering from spillovers from the war in Ukraine and tighter monetary policy and is expected to grow at 1.2pc in 2023.
On the other hand, Sub-Saharan African (SSA) economies have shown an amount of resilience in an upward growth trajectory. Although the growth in the region has weakened during 2022 thus far, it is forecast to grow at 3.8pc percent in 2023. Many SSA-centric economists have predicted that the sharp deceleration of global growth is creating substantial headwinds for the region. This is anticipated given the industry and trade profile of the region. Nevertheless, the SSA statistical data continues to be dominated by big economies such as Nigeria and South Africa.
Now that the developed world has caught up with Africa’s growth prospects in percentage terms, can the African continent match the economic recovery rate of the developed world? Emerging and developing Asia and ASEAN block has consistently clocked an annual GDP growth rate that has been twice that of the United States and Europe - why not Sub-Saharan Africa?
Economic growth is a function of economic output. Incremental economic output depends on structural changes in the economy. In the present context, SSA has surprisingly not booked huge human losses due to COVID-19. Compared to the developed world, stagflation in Sub-Saharan Africa has been due to pandemic-induced losses.
The first and foremost barrier to post-pandemic recovery in almost every Sub-Saharan country today is rising inflation levels – much higher than in the developed world. IMF has reported that the high levels of commodity and food prices have hampered recoveries in almost all sectors leading to erosion of disposable incomes, depressed demand, and deepening poverty.
This, to a large extent, is a homegrown challenge – for years, most SSA countries have held back their economies from globalisation. Global value chains are yet to reach these countries. Low production base and uneven overseas procurement of goods and services have led to a human-made scarcity of goods and services. Developed countries will quickly bounce back, but SSA countries have to move faster to integrate their economies with large global value chains until such time as they raise capital to produce locally and be a vital part of global value chains.
SSA has the potential to be the breadbasket of the world. But it is not difficult to understand why food shortages and inflation should take a particularly severe toll on vulnerable populations. IMF has flagged the surging food and fuel import bills in SSA countries as they have the potential to reverse recent progress in poverty alleviation across the region, especially in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Nigeria, where vulnerable populations are sizable, and in Benin, Comoros, The Gambia and Mozambique, where the dependence on imported food is high. Local logistics and food security program administration need more focus to eliminate shortages and uneven distribution.
According to IMF, about 45pc of the SSA economies are politically fragile and conflict-affected countries. Insecurity and violence threaten the economic outlook, especially in the lowest-income countries. A quick economic turnaround is, therefore, a distant dream.
Fiscal prudence also holds the key to the post-pandemic challenges. Advanced economies are pursuing accelerated policy tightening, the effects of which are felt in SSA countries already constrained by high levels of public debt and trade imbalances. Managing the risk of systematic insolvency is vital. Nevertheless, GDP growth and public debt are interrelated and dynamic public debt programs that lead to asset creation are critical to economic bounce back.
Currently, the whole world is sailing on the same ship. Still, countries with a balanced demand-supply situation will bounce back faster than expected. SSA leadership must cautiously pursue economic globalisation to catch up with the developed world. Adaptability and decisive decision-making are the need of the hour.
PUBLISHED ON
Aug 27,2022 [ VOL
23 , NO
1165]
Fortune News | Dec 27,2018
My Opinion | Nov 27,2021
Viewpoints | Aug 20,2022
Viewpoints | May 01,2020
Editorial | Feb 06,2021
Radar | Apr 30,2021
Editorial | Jun 17,2020
Radar | Jun 01,2024
Commentaries | Oct 16,2020
Commentaries | Jan 05,2019
My Opinion | 128690 Views | Aug 14,2021
My Opinion | 124938 Views | Aug 21,2021
My Opinion | 123020 Views | Sep 10,2021
My Opinion | 120834 Views | Aug 07,2021
Dec 22 , 2024 . By TIZITA SHEWAFERAW
Charged with transforming colossal state-owned enterprises into modern and competitiv...
Aug 18 , 2024 . By AKSAH ITALO
Although predictable Yonas Zerihun's job in the ride-hailing service is not immune to...
Jul 28 , 2024 . By TIZITA SHEWAFERAW
Unhabitual, perhaps too many, Samuel Gebreyohannes, 38, used to occasionally enjoy a couple of beers at breakfast. However, he recently swit...
Jul 13 , 2024 . By AKSAH ITALO
Investors who rely on tractors, trucks, and field vehicles for commuting, transporting commodities, and f...
May 3 , 2025
Pensioners have learned, rather painfully, the gulf between a figure on a passbook an...
Apr 26 , 2025
Benjamin Franklin famously quipped that “nothing is certain but death and taxes....
Apr 20 , 2025
Mufariat Kamil, the minister of Labour & Skills, recently told Parliament that he...
Apr 13 , 2025
The federal government will soon require one year of national service from university...
May 3 , 2025
Oromia International Bank introduced a new digital fuel-payment app, "Milkii," allowi...
May 4 , 2025 . By AKSAH ITALO
Key Takeaways: Banks face new capital rules complying with Basel II/III intern...
May 4 , 2025
Pensioners face harsh economic realities, their retirement payments swiftly eroded by inflation and spiralling living costs. They struggle d...
May 7 , 2025
Key Takeaways Ethiopost's new document drafting services, initiated in partnership with DARS, aspir...