There does not seem to be a shortage of salts added to the wounds inflicted on Ethiopia’s economy, from COVID-19 to civil war. The latest comes directly from the country's breadbasket in the form of escalating fertiliser prices. Farmers, most of them smallholders, and 40pc of whom use fertilisers, are handed unpleasant surprises when they visit their nearest distribution centres. Prices have tripled. Even the credit to buy the fertilisers offered through microfinance institutions is not a good enough incentive these days.



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The blame lies mainly with the global fertiliser market. Ethiopia imported about 1.8 million tonnes last year. It came at a hefty price, which is only getting heftier. The most abundantly used type, NPS, has more than doubled in cost compared to last year. Driving the prices higher is the inflating cost of inputs, starting from natural gas, and the rising shipping costs as global supply chains remain highly disrupted due to COVID-19. The war in Ukraine has not made things better, especially as Russia is a big player in the nitrogen fertiliser market.


The consequences are far-reaching. Fertilisers are not the only commodities soaring in prices. Wheat and oil prices have also pushed food inflation higher. It all comes in the aftermath of the pandemic, war in the north and drought in the east and south, all of which have negatively affected agricultural productivity. Unfortunately, there is not much the federal government and regional states can do in the short term. Efforts at import substitution are years away. The only thing remaining is bloating further subsidies, already at 4.3 billion Br by last year. Experts suggest alternatives such as microorganism fertilisers, for which there is scant awareness. Farmers are trying to cope by buying as much fertiliser as they can but otherwise sowing without it.



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