Harari has become the first regional state to impose a price cap on major food and non-food items in a bid to tame inflationary pressure.

The Trade Development Agency of the state, home to a quarter of a million population, has set a price ceiling on 41 items, including edible oil, teff, beef, and cement. It is a significant departure from the policy adopted by the federal government and regional states, where prices are determined by the market.

Last month, the country's headline inflation reached 26.4pc, the highest in a decade. Supply shortages, the impacts of COVID-19 on trade activities, unfair competition, price gouging, under-invoicing and speculation were among the reasons listed by the Ministry of Trade & Industry for the upsurge in prices.

However, regional authorities have recently been acting alone to respond to inflationary pressure in their respective markets, unlike in the past, where they move in tandem following policy from the federal government. Regional authorities, including those in Addis Abeba, blame "hidden and speculative forces" in the market for surging prices. Their responses vary from signalling coercive measures to imposing price caps and importing commodities on their own.

Last month, the cabinet of the Somali regional government approved a motion to establish a new enterprise that imports food items to stabilise the market. This was followed by warning from the Oromia, and Southern regional governments against businesses they allege are hoarding commodities and profiting from shortages in supplies.

Effective as of mid-August 2021, the price ceiling by the Harari government has been applied to retailers and wholesalers with the hope of tightening the grip on traders the authorities claim are involved in price gouging and hoarding. It is a measure the authorities aim to lower the region's inflationary pressure, which reached 14pc last month. In the case of food items, it is five percentage points higher.

"Residents of our region are frustrated by the unjust price rise that has been witnessed lately," said Bushri Aliye, head of the region`s Trade Agency.

Retailers working in Harari are told to sell teff for over 50 Br a kilo, 10 Br higher than the market in Addis Abeba, where food inflation reached 30pc last month. The price for palm oil is 480 Br, 30pc higher than the existing retail price in the capital. The same is true for cement. Retailers in Harari can only ask buyers 550 Br a quintal of cement.