A young shoe shiner goes door to door, offering his services around the Stadium area. It is common in the capital to see young rural migrants engaged in physical labour, scraping change to send home. CHR Michelsen Institute (CMI) estimates that one out of three rural households has at least one family member migrating to cities. Extreme poverty and lack of access to farmland force many to look for better prospects in the city. Upward income mobility has remained stagnant over the last five years, with 'rags to riches' stories becoming more infrequent.